5步练成英语口语的秘诀

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how long have you been studying english?
你学英文多久了呢？

do you find that sometimes that even though you study hard, you cant speak fluently?
你是否觉得，有时候就算你非常努力，你还是无法流利说英语

do you learn lots of grammar and vocabulary, but you find it difficult to make sentences
when you speak.
你是不是学了很多语法和词汇，但还是觉得很难说成一整句

in this lesson, were going to talk about fluency and what you can do to change this situation and improve your english fluency.
在这堂课，我们会讨论【流利】，并告诉你该怎么做才能改善这样的状况，让你的英文说的更流利

part one: what is fluency?
第一部分，什么是流利？

sometimes, when people talk about fluency, they just mean speaking a language well.
有人说【流利】，只是指把一个语言说的很好

for some people, speaking english fluently just means having a good general level of english.
有些人说【流利】，只是指有好的英文水平

however, fluency is more specific than that.
然而，【流利】有更特定的意思

fluency means you can speak smoothly, without stopping or hesitating.
它代表你可以流畅、没有停顿、毫不犹豫的说出一种语言

there are two sides to fluency.
流利有两面向

one side is physical: your mouth needs to produce and connect english sounds and words in a fast, smooth way.
一面是生理的，你的嘴巴要快速、流畅的读出每个英文单词

the other side of fluency is mental: your brain needs to find the right words and build english sentences quickly and smoothly.
另一面向，是心理的，你的大脑要找出正确的词，快速流畅的建议英文句子

to improve your fluency, you need to work on both sides: physical and mental.
想说的更流利，你要在生理和心理上下功夫

part two: rule number one: get out there!
第二部分：规则一，去一个说英文的环境

there are many things you can do to improve your english fluency.
很多方法都可以帮助你去改善英文流利度

however, if you want to become more fluent, theres really one thing you have to do.
可是，如果你想要说的流利，只有一个方法

get out there and speak english. talk to people and have conversations regularly.
去一个英文环境说英文，规律地和母语人士说话

nothing else you can do is as important as this.
没有其他方法比这个重要了

reading english will improve your reading. practicing listening will improve your listening.
多读英文会让你阅读进步，多听英文会让你听力进步

but what about speaking? nothing will help your speaking except speaking.
那口语呢？只有多说，才能让你的口语进步

speaking english is a practical skill. its not something you can learn from a book.
说英文是实用的技巧，不是学术上的科目，也不是你能通过看书就能从书本里学到的

its more like doing a sport or playing a musical instrument: you need to practice regularly to make any progress.
说英语比较像是运动或学乐器，你一定要规律地练习才会进步

how regularly? as often as you can!
都规律呢？越常说越好！

thered recommend you need to spend at least 2-3 hours a week speaking english if you want to improve.
练习不嫌多，但我建议你，一个礼拜至少花2-3个小时练习说英语，如果你想要进步的话

so, how can you do this?
那我们应该怎么做呢

go to classes, talk to expats in your city, join groups or activities with english-speakers, find a conversation partner online, do a language exchange; there are many possibilities!
去上课，和你家乡的外国人说话，参加外国人的活动或社团，在网络上找练习口语的小伙伴，语言交换，还有其他很多机会！

by the way, what you do doesnt have to be language-focused. you can go to english classes to practice your speaking, but anything you do which is in english and which will make you speak english is just as good.
顺便说下，你做的不一定是针对语言的学习，你可以在英文课上练习说英文，任何你能做的，只要是能用到英语，能让你说的上英语的就可以

i
我来猜猜在座的各位心里都在想什么吧，【没有人能和我练习啊】【我很怕生】【太难了】

lets talk about that quickly.
我们来谈谈这些想法

part three: get used to pressure.
第3部分， 习惯压力

speaking a foreign language is hard. situations which would be easy in your language can

feel difficult in another language.
说外语是困难的，用你母语讲起来轻松的事情用外语讲就会变得非常困难

situations which would feel difficult in your language can feel almost impossible when you have to do them in a foreign language.
用你母语讲起来很困难的事情，用外语讲就会变成不可能完成的任务

thats easy to imagine when you start learning another language that you will reach a point where everything is easy and comfortable.
本来就是这样，轻松的学外文，然后说出流利的外文，说起来容易

but unless you live in a foreign country and live completely inside that culture, that wont happen. trust me.
但除非你就住在国外且接触外国文化，不然不可能，相信我

ive studied several languages at this point in my life, and speak them quite well, but it never feels easy or comfortable.
我学过许多种语言，我也能说得很好，但是学习过程从来不舒适也不轻松

why are we talking about this? im trying to motivate you to go out and speak more, practice more.
为什么我要跟你说这些？我要让你有动力去到英语的环境里，去说英文和练习英文

to do that,

you have to accept that it will feel difficult, uncomfortable and intimidating a lot of the time.
要做到这点，你一定要知道学习过程会很困难，很不舒服，还会花很多时间

thatt let it stop you!
这是一定的，但一定不要被打倒

you can still practice, you can still communicate, and you can still improve.
你还是可以持续练习英文，说英文，然后你可以进步

it know why, but i find it particularly intimidating.
我跟你说个我自己的经验，我讨厌用另一种语言讲电话，我不知道为什么，但我就是很害怕

i guess because i cant use context or facial expressions or anything like that to help me understand or communicate.
我猜是因为我不能用前后文，或是表情，或其他之类的来帮助我理解和沟通

i lived in russia and i studied russian. i hated making phone calls in russian. then i lived in china and i studied chinese. i hated making phone calls in chinese. now im studying greek. guess what? i hate making phone calls in greek, too.
我住在俄罗斯，我也学俄罗斯文，我讨厌用俄罗斯文打电话，后来我住中国，学习中文， 我讨厌用中文讲电话，现在我在学希腊文，猜到了吗？我现在也讨厌用希腊文讲电话！

it still feels just as difficult and just as intimidating. i havens it. i still do it, because i have to sometimes.
我一样也觉得很困难，也感到害怕，我没有学什么技巧，让这件事变得更简单，我能做的就是接受这个感觉，就是这样，我还是会去做，因为我总得做

i just accept that im going to feel nervous or uncomfortable, and i have to speak and communicate anyway.
我接受自己的紧张和不安，然后不管怎样，我还是要去说，还是要去沟通

and i do! it doesnt stop you. feeling nervous does not stop you communicating.
然后我做到了！紧张的感觉不会阻止你去沟通

this will be the same for you sometimes. it might be phone calls; it might be something else.
有时候你也会这样，可能是电话，可能是其他事情

the key point? you have to accept and learn to deal with that pressure. dont feel less scary in the future. the only way to make it easier is to go out and do it.
关键是什么？你要去接受和学会面对压力，不要觉得说，好可怕，所以我不要去做，因为你以后就不会再害怕了，让这件事变简单的方法就是去英文环境讲英文

if you do that, youll feel more confident.
如果你这样做，你会变得有自信

it will get a little bit easier with time.
时间越久，你会觉得越简单

okay, so you know the most important point about fluency, but is there anything else you can do to practice? yes, there is!
现在你已经知道英文讲的流利最重要的关键因素了，还有其他你能做的吗？有的

part four: speed reading.
第四部分：快速的读

find a text in english. it can be something from a textbook, from a newspaper, from a blog, or anywhere.
找一篇英文文章，可以是课本里的，报纸上的，网上文章，或其他任何地方看到的

the text should be fairly easy for you. dont choose something with a lot of new words or something which is way above your current english level.
文章对你来说要够简单，不要找一篇很多生难字的文章，那已经超越了你目前的英文程度

sit down with a timer. read the text aloud. time yourself.
拿一个表坐下，大声念出文章，然后计时

now, read it again. try to beat your previous time!
现在，再读一次，试着打破上一次的记录

keep going like this. see how fast you can read the text.
继续这样做，看你能多快念完一篇文章

whats this for?
这样做是为什么呢

remember that part of fluency is physical.
记得说话流利有一个关键要素是生理

your mouth needs to produce english sounds and english words fast and smoothly.
你的自拔可以快速且流畅的发出英文的声音

speed reading like this is a good way to practice that side of fluency.
快速的读文章能有效帮助生理的流利

this way of practicing is really useful because you can do it almost anywhere and you can also do as much or as little as you have time for.
这个练习方法非常有用，因为不管你在哪都能做，不管你有空的时间长短都能做

you can do five minutes practice or fifteen minutes, or half an hour. its all helpful!
你可以练习五分钟，也可以练习十五分钟，或半个小时，都有帮助

lets see another good technique like this:
我们来看看另外一个好方法

part five: using songs.
第五部分：唱歌

find a song in english. choose something which you like.
找一首英文歌，找一首你喜欢的

find the lyrics online. if you donll find them.
上网找歌词，如果你不知道哪里找，就把歌的标题再加上放到谷歌上查查，就能找到了

play the song. read the lyrics. sing!
放音乐，看歌词，然后跟着唱

like with speed reading, this is a good technique to practice the physical side of fluency.
就像快速的读，这是一个帮助你生理上的流利的好方法

when you sing a song, you have to go at the speed of the song.
当你唱歌时，你要唱和歌一样的速度

start with slower songs, then choose faster ones. try to choose something thats difficult to go fast enough.
从慢歌开始，再换成快歌，最好找有挑战性但又可成功的，你能唱这首歌，但是唱的够快又有点难度

again, this will really help with your physical fluency. it you can do one song a day, and i promise you that you will feel a difference quite quickly. i used this technique a lot when i was learning chinese, and it really helped.
再一次，这会帮助你生理上的流利，也很简单能做到，你一天可以唱一首歌，我保证你会很快发现你的进步，我学中文时常常用这个方法，真的很有帮助

speed reading and singing songs are good for physical fluency, but what about the mental side of fluency?
快速地读和唱歌真的可以有效帮助生理上的顺利，但是心理上的流利又该怎么做呢？

lets see what you can do to improve that.
我们来看看你要怎么改善吧

part six: learn language in chunks.
第六部分：用区块的概念学语言

heres a question: how do you learn vocabulary?
这里有个问题，请问你是怎么学习词汇的呢？

when i see students learning vocabulary, often it looks like this.
我经常看到我的学生这样学单词

people write down the english word, the translation in their own language, and then they try to memorize it.
他们写下英文单词，然后用母语翻译，然后他们把单词背下来

okay, but what does that have to do with fluency?
好吧，但是这和流利有什么关系呢？

think about it: if you learn language like this, youre making your brain do things in a very unnatural and complicated way.
这样想，如果你用这个方式学语言，你用不自然和复杂的方法让大脑记忆

first of all, yout need individual words, you need phrases and sentences.
首先，你分别背下每个单词，但是，当你说一种语言时，你不要单词，你要的是一句话

secondly, if you do this, youre trying to learn to translate your language into english in your head.
第2， 如果你这样做，你是用你自己的母语学语言，你不是在学怎么说英文，你学的是怎么把你的母语在脑海中翻译成英文

so, does this sound familiar? you have a sentence in your head in your own language. you move through the sentence, translating each word into english.
听起来很熟悉吗？你在脑中用你的母语想着一句话，然后一个字一个字翻译成英文

if you dont know the translation of a word, you get stuck, you feel bad about your english, and you stop speaking.
如果你不知道某个单词的英文，那你就卡住了，你觉得你英文很烂，然后你就再也不说了

you need to break this habit if you want to speak fluently. first of all, this way of thinking and speaking is always slow. it will always be slow, because youre trying to do too many things at once.
如果你想说好英文你需要改掉这个习惯，首先，这样先想再说速度一定很慢，会慢是因为你一次要做太多的事了

yous too difficult for anybody.
你要同时用两种语言思考和记忆，这对谁来说都太难了

so what can you do?
那你应该怎么做呢？

we said before that you need phrases and sentences when you speak. so, learn language in phrases and sentences.
我们刚刚说你讲话时需要句子，所以，用照样造句的方式学语言

for example, imagine that someone asks you:
举例来说，想象有人问你，你这周末要干嘛

look at three answers:
先看看下面三个答案

我要去拜访老朋友

我在想要不要去骑车

我可能会留在家做些杂事

now, make your own sentences:
现在，自己照样造句

try to make two or three sentences for each one, so that you use different endings.
尝试造两三句话，这样你就会有不同的答案

now think: if someone asks you this question:
现在想，如果有人这样问你：你这周末要干嘛

if you remember language in big pieces, you only have to remember two things:
如果你用照样造句的方式学语言，你只要记住两点

我要去+拜访老友

我要去+跟家人吃饭

我要去+看老电影

that makes it easy to respond to questions like this fluently.
这样你会很快的知道怎么流利的回答

on the other hand, if you make a sentence in your head in err… your language in your head, and then translate each word into english, it you have to remember many things.
另一方面，如果你在大脑里用你的母语造句，然后再逐字翻译成英文，这样复杂多了，你不只能记得这两件事，你还能记得很多事

so, try to learn vocabulary in this way. take a sentence like:
所以，尝试用这种方法学单词，看看下面这个句子

我昨天去散步了

keep the basic sentence form, but change part of it:
保留最基本的句型，但是换掉部分词汇

now, make 2-3 different sentences:
现在，造两三个句子

我昨天考试了

我昨天一整天都很懒散

我昨天煮了辣咖喱

now, practice and remember the sentences and phrases. this is a much more natural way to learn vocabulary.
现在，记住这些句子，这是更自然的学语言的方法

if you learn vocabulary like this, it will be much easier to respond fluently, because you wonll remember the whole phrases and sentences that you need.
如果你这样学单词，你可以更流利的回应，因为你不用再用母语去想然后翻译，你会记得你回答需要用到的整个句子

okay, thats the end of our lesson. i hope you learned something about spoken fluency and how you can improve your fluency in english!
好了，我们的课程结束，我希望你学到怎么样更流利的说英文，也知道怎样让英文更进步

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